Question # 1
| Which interfaces on FortiSwitch send out FortiLink discovery frames by default in order to detect a FortiGate with an enabled FortiLink interface? | | A. All ports have auto-discovery enabled by default. | | B. No ports are enabled by default for auto-discovery. This must be configured under config switch interface. | | C. The ports with auto-discovery enabled by default are dependent upon the FortiSwitch model. | | D. The last four switch ports on FortiSwitch have auto-discovery enabled by default. |
A. All ports have auto-discovery enabled by default.
Explanation:
Fortinet FortiLink Protocol: The FortiLink protocol is Fortinet's proprietary mechanism for managing FortiSwitch units from a FortiGate firewall. It simplifies configuration and security policy enforcement across the connected network devices.
Auto-Discovery: FortiLink's auto-discovery feature means that by default, all ports on a FortiSwitch will actively send out discovery frames. This allows them to locate a FortiGate device that has a FortiLink interface enabled, streamlining the device management process.
No Configuration Needed: You don't have to manually configure individual ports for FortiLink discovery on FortiSwitch devices.
Question # 2
| Which two statements about the FortiLink authorization process are true? (Choose two.) | | A. The administrator must manually pre-authorize FortiGate on FortiSwitch by adding the FortiGate serial number. | | B. FortiSwitch requires a reboot to complete the authorization process. | | C. A FortiLink frame is sent by FortiGate to FortiSwitch to complete the authorization. | | D. FortiLink authorization sets the FortiSwitch management mode to FortiLink. |
C. A FortiLink frame is sent by FortiGate to FortiSwitch to complete the authorization.
D. FortiLink authorization sets the FortiSwitch management mode to FortiLink.
Explanation:
The FortiLink authorization process is an integral part of setting up FortiSwitch to be managed by FortiGate. The correct statements regarding the FortiLink authorization process are:
C. A FortiLink frame is sent by FortiGate to FortiSwitch to complete the authorization.This is a part of the FortiLink protocol, where FortiGate communicates with the connected FortiSwitch to establish management and control. This frameinitiates the configuration and management process, allowing FortiGate to effectively control the switch.
D. FortiLink authorization sets the FortiSwitch management mode to FortiLink.Once authorized, the management mode of FortiSwitch is set to FortiLink, indicating that it is being managed via a FortiLink connection from a FortiGate appliance. This changes the operational mode of the switch to be under the control of the FortiGate for centralized management and policy application.
Question # 3
| How does FortiSwitch perform actions on ingress and egress traffic using the access control list (ACL)? | | A. Only high-end FortiSwitch models support ACL. | | B. ACL can be used only at the prelookup stage in the traffic processing pipeline. | | C. Classifiers enable matching traffic based only on the VLAN ID. | | D. FortiSwitch checks ACL policies only from top to bottom. |
D. FortiSwitch checks ACL policies only from top to bottom.
Explanation:
In FortiSwitch, Access Control Lists (ACLs) are used to enforce security rules on both ingress and egress traffic:
ACL Evaluation Order (D):
Operational Function: FortiSwitch processes ACL entries from top to bottom, similar to how firewall rules are processed. The first match in the ACL determines the action taken on the packet, whether to allow or deny it, making the order of rules critical.
Configuration Advice: Careful planning of the order of ACL rules is necessary to ensure that more specific rules precede more general ones to avoid unintentional access or blocks.
References:
For a comprehensive guide on configuring ACLs in FortiSwitch, consult the FortiSwitch security settings documentation available on: Fortinet Product Documentation
Question # 4
| Which two statements about 802.1X authentication on FortiSwitch ports are true? (Choose two.) | | A. All hosts behind an authenticated port are allowed access after a successful authentica-tion. | | B. A security policy is used to apply 802.1 authentication on a port. | | C. A local user database must be used to authenticate devices using the 802.1X authentica-tion protocol. | | D. All devices connecting to FortiSwitch must support 802.1X authentication. |
A. All hosts behind an authenticated port are allowed access after a successful authentica-tion.
D. All devices connecting to FortiSwitch must support 802.1X authentication.
Explanation:
All hosts behind an authenticated port are allowed access after a successful authentication (A): Once a device on a port successfully authenticates using 802.1X, all other devices connected behind that port also gain network access. This is typical in scenarios where a switch is behind an authenticated port and not each device individually authenticates.
All devices connecting to FortiSwitch must support 802.1X authentication (D): For a network secured with 802.1X, all devices attempting to connect through the FortiSwitch must support and participate in 802.1X authentication to gain access. This ensures that all devices on the network are authenticated before they are allowed to communicate on the network.
Question # 5
| What feature can network administrators use to segment network operations and the administration of managed FortiSwitch devices on FortiGate? | | A. FortiGate multi-tenancy
| | B. Multi-chassis link aggregation trunk | | C. FortiGate clustering protocol | | D. FortiLink split interface |
A. FortiGate multi-tenancy
Explanation:
FortiGate's multi-tenancy feature, specifically Virtual Domains (VDOMs), is the most appropriate tool for segmenting network operations and the administration of managed FortiSwitch devices on FortiGate. Here's why:
VDOMs as Virtual Firewalls:VDOMs function as independent virtual firewalls within a single FortiGate device. Each VDOM can have its own:
-
Security policies
-
Interfaces (Including FortiLink interfaces for FortiSwitch management)
-
Routing table
-
Administrative access
Segmenting Network Operations: By assigning different FortiSwitch devices (or groups of ports) to separate VDOMs, you effectively partition your network. Network administrators can manage specific FortiSwitches through their assigned VDOMs, maintaining operational isolation.
Enhanced Administration: VDOMs offer granular administrative control. Different administrators can be assigned to specific VDOMs, limiting their management scope and reducing the risk of accidental configuration changes.
Why Other Options Are Less Suitable:
B. Multi-chassis link aggregation trunk: This focuses on link redundancy and bandwidth aggregation, not network segmentation.
C. FortiGate clustering protocol: This is aimed at high availability and scalability of the firewall functions themselves, not the management of switches.
D. FortiLink split interface: This allows dividing a FortiLink interface on the FortiGate for managing multiple FortiSwitches, but it doesn't provide the true segmentation and administrative isolation that VDOMs offer.
Question # 6
| To enhance service in emergency situations, to which LLDP-MED Type-Length-Values does Forti-Switch advertise to IP phones? | | A. Network policy | | B. Inventory management | | C. Location | | D. Power management |
C. Location
Explanation:
Location (C): FortiSwitch uses LLDP-MED (Link Layer Discovery Protocol - Media Endpoint Discovery) to advertise various attributes to IP phones, among which "Location" is crucial in emergency situations. This information helps emergency responders to determine the physical location of the calling device, which is vital for prompt response in critical situations.
Question # 7
| Which statement about the configuration of VLANs on a managed FortiSwitch port is true? | | A. Untagged VLANs must be part of the allowed VLANs: ingress and egress. | | B. FortiSwitch VLAN interfaces are created only when FortiSwitch is managed by Forti-Gate. | | C. The native VLAN is implicitly part of the allowed VLAN on the port. | | D. Allowed VLANS expand the collision domain to the port. |
C. The native VLAN is implicitly part of the allowed VLAN on the port.
Explanation:
The native VLAN is implicitly part of the allowed VLAN on the port (C): On a managed FortiSwitch port, the native VLAN, which is the VLAN assigned to untagged traffic, is implicitly included in the list of allowed VLANs. This means it does not need to be explicitly specified whenconfiguring VLAN settings on the port. This configuration simplifies VLAN management and ensures that untagged traffic is handled correctly without additional configuration steps.
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